Women
CHILD marriage will cost developing countries trillions of dollars by 2030, the World Bank and the International Centre for Research on Women (ICRW) have said in their latest report.
The report which was released yesterday, also said that Nigeria loses at least $7.6 billion annually in earnings and productivity to early marriage of a girl child.
In contrast, the new report said that ending child marriage would have a large positive effect on the educational attainment of girls and their children.
According to the Economic Impacts of Child Marriage report, in the past 30 years, the prevalence of child marriage, had decreased in many countries, but it still remained far too high.
In a set of 25 countries for which detailed analysis was conducted, at least one in three women marry before the age of 18, and one in five women had their first child before the age of 18.
“Child brides are often robbed of their rights to safety and security, to health and education, and to make their own life choices and decisions,” said Quentin Wodon, the World Bank’s Project Director and co-author of the report.
“Child marriage not only puts a stop to girls’ hopes and dreams. It also hampers efforts to end poverty and achieve economic growth and equity. Ending this practice is not only the morally right thing to do but also the economically smart thing to do,” the report said.
Across the countries considered in the report, three in four early childbirths, children born to a mother younger than 18, are attributed to child marriage.
The report estimated that a girl marrying at 13 will have on average 26 per cent more children over her lifetime than if she had married at 18 or later.
This means that ending child marriage would reduce total fertility rates by 11 per cent on average in those countries, leading to substantial reductions in population growth over time.
In Niger, the country with the highest prevalence of child marriage in the world, the population by 2030 could be five per cent smaller if child marriage and early childbirths were eliminated.
The analysis suggested that by 2030, gains in annual welfare from lower population growth could reach more than $500 billion annually.
In Uganda, the benefit from reduced fertility would be equivalent to $2.4 billion, while in Nepal this would be almost $1 billion.
The report confirms that keeping girls in school was one of the best ways to avoid child marriage.
Each year of secondary education reduces the likelihood of marrying as a child before the age of 18 by five percentage points or more.
Child brides are much more likely to drop out of school and complete fewer years of education than their peers who marry later.
This affects the education and health of their children, as well as their ability to earn a living.
“Every day more than 41,000 girls marry before the age of 18. Poverty, gender inequality, poor access to quality education and to youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services, and a lack of decent employment opportunities, help perpetuate child marriage and early childbirths,” said Suzanne Petroni, ICRW’s Project Director and co-author of the report.
“These will all need to be addressed for countries to successfully end this harmful and costly practice” she added.
According to the report, ending child marriage would also reduce rates of under-five mortality and delayed physical development due to a lack of appropriate nutrition (stunting).
Globally, the estimated benefits of lower under-five mortality and malnutrition could reach more than $90 billion annually by 2030.
Another important benefit from ending child marriage would be an increase in women’s expected earnings in the labour market.
Due in large part to the impact of child marriage on education, women who marry as children have, on average, earnings that are nine per cent lower than if they had married later.
Also, budget savings would be reaped by governments in the cost of providing basic education, health, and other services.
The Economic Impacts of Child Marriage project was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Children’s Investment Fund Foundation, and the Global Partnership for Education. – Independent
— Jun 28, 2017 @ 09:35 GMT
Tags: CHILD marriage Nigeria loses $7.6bn to Early Child Marriage Quentin Wodon the World Bank’s Project Director and co-author
